.research-layout {
  max-width: 1180px;
  margin: 40px auto 64px;
  padding: 0 24px;
}

.research-layout a {
  text-decoration: none;
}

.research-layout a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.research-ledger {
  border-radius: 16px;
  background-color: var(--color-bg-panel);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border-subtle);
  box-shadow: 0 20px 44px rgba(0, 2, 20, 0.08);
  overflow: hidden;
  margin-bottom: 46px;
}

.research-ledger-band {
  height: 4px;
  width: 100%;
  background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, #000214, #04c1b7, #028093, #000214);
}

.research-ledger-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 2.5fr) minmax(300px, 1fr);
  gap: 28px;
  padding: 28px 30px 30px;
}

.research-ledger-main {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 16px;
}

.research-kicker {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--color-accent-primary);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.research-title {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: clamp(2.1rem, 3vw, 2.8rem);
  color: var(--color-ink);
  max-width: 15ch;
}

.research-intro {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  line-height: 1.76;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  max-width: 48rem;
}

.research-evidence-strip {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 14px;
  margin-top: 6px;
}

.research-evidence-card {
  border-radius: 12px;
  background-color: #f8f9f3;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 2, 20, 0.08);
  padding: 12px 13px;
}

.research-evidence-label {
  display: block;
  font-size: 0.74rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.research-evidence-value {
  display: block;
  font-size: 1.08rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--color-ink);
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.research-evidence-note {
  display: block;
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--color-muted);
}

.research-ledger-side {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 16px;
}

.research-side-card {
  border-radius: 12px;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #f8fbfb 0%, #ffffff 100%);
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 2, 20, 0.08);
  padding: 18px 18px 20px;
}

.research-side-dark {
  background: #000214;
  border-color: #000214;
}

.research-side-heading {
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--color-ink);
}

.research-side-dark .research-side-heading {
  color: #ffffff;
}

.research-side-list {
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 18px;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.research-side-list li {
  margin-bottom: 7px;
}

.research-side-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 8px;
}

.research-side-links a {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  width: fit-content;
  color: #ffffff;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.research-spectrum,
.research-methods,
.research-interpretation,
.research-matrix {
  margin-bottom: 46px;
}

.research-spectrum-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 16px;
}

.research-spectrum-card {
  border-radius: 12px;
  background-color: var(--color-bg-panel);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border-subtle);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(0, 2, 20, 0.05);
  padding: 16px 16px 18px;
}

.research-spectrum-tag {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  min-width: 54px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  padding: 4px 10px;
  background-color: #eef9f8;
  border: 1px solid rgba(2, 128, 147, 0.2);
  color: var(--color-accent-primary);
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.research-spectrum-card h3 {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-size: 1.02rem;
  color: var(--color-ink);
}

.research-spectrum-card p {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  line-height: 1.66;
  color: var(--color-muted);
}

.research-methods-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 18px;
}

.research-method-card {
  border-radius: 12px;
  background-color: #eef9f8;
  border: 1px solid rgba(2, 128, 147, 0.14);
  padding: 18px 18px 20px;
}

.research-method-label {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.13em;
  color: var(--color-accent-primary);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.research-method-card h3 {
  margin: 0 0 10px;
  font-size: 1.04rem;
  color: var(--color-ink);
}

.research-method-card p {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 0.93rem;
  line-height: 1.68;
  color: var(--color-muted);
}

.research-interpretation-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(6, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 14px;
}

.research-interpretation-card {
  border-radius: 12px;
  background-color: var(--color-bg-panel);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border-subtle);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 24px rgba(0, 2, 20, 0.05);
  padding: 16px 14px 18px;
}

.research-interpretation-card h3 {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  color: var(--color-ink);
}

.research-interpretation-card p {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.62;
  color: var(--color-muted);
}

.research-matrix-wrap {
  overflow-x: auto;
}

.research-matrix-table {
  min-width: 860px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background-color: var(--color-bg-panel);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border-subtle);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(0, 2, 20, 0.05);
}

.research-matrix-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.35fr) minmax(0, 1.55fr) minmax(0, 1.7fr);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border-subtle);
}

.research-matrix-row:first-child {
  border-top: none;
}

.research-matrix-header {
  background-color: #000214;
  color: #ffffff;
}

.research-matrix-header .research-matrix-cell {
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.research-matrix-row:nth-child(2n + 1):not(.research-matrix-header) {
  background-color: var(--color-table-band);
}

.research-matrix-cell {
  padding: 12px 14px;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  line-height: 1.62;
  color: var(--color-ink-soft);
}

.research-notes {
  margin-bottom: 44px;
}

.research-notes-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 18px;
}

.research-note-card {
  border-radius: 12px;
  background-color: var(--color-bg-panel);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border-subtle);
  padding: 20px 20px 22px;
}

.research-note-accent {
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #eef9f8 0%, #ffffff 100%);
}

.research-note-card h2 {
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  font-size: 1.28rem;
  color: var(--color-ink);
}

.research-note-card p {
  margin: 0 0 14px;
  font-size: 0.96rem;
  line-height: 1.74;
  color: var(--color-muted);
}

.research-note-card p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.research-footer-panel {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.research-footer-panel-inner {
  border-radius: 14px;
  background-color: #f6f5f1;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border-subtle);
  box-shadow: 0 14px 30px rgba(0, 2, 20, 0.06);
  padding: 24px 22px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.25fr) minmax(0, 1.75fr);
  gap: 24px;
  align-items: center;
}

.research-footer-kicker {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.13em;
  color: var(--color-accent-primary);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.research-footer-copy h2 {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-size: 1.46rem;
  color: var(--color-ink);
}

.research-footer-copy p {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 0.96rem;
  line-height: 1.66;
  color: var(--color-muted);
}

.research-footer-links {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 10px;
}

.research-footer-links a {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  min-height: 48px;
  padding: 10px 14px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background-color: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 2, 20, 0.12);
  color: var(--color-ink);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-align: center;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 2, 20, 0.06);
  transition: transform 0.16s ease, box-shadow 0.16s ease, border-color 0.16s ease;
}

.research-footer-links a:hover {
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 24px rgba(0, 2, 20, 0.12);
  border-color: rgba(2, 128, 147, 0.35);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.footer-links a {
  text-decoration: none;
}

.footer-links a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

@media (max-width: 1120px) {
  .research-spectrum-grid,
  .research-methods-grid,
  .research-interpretation-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }
}

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .research-layout {
    margin: 30px auto 52px;
    padding: 0 16px;
  }

  .research-ledger-grid,
  .research-notes-grid,
  .research-footer-panel-inner {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
  }
}

@media (max-width: 780px) {
  .research-evidence-strip,
  .research-footer-links {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .research-spectrum-grid,
  .research-methods-grid,
  .research-interpretation-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }
}

@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .research-evidence-strip,
  .research-spectrum-grid,
  .research-methods-grid,
  .research-interpretation-grid,
  .research-footer-links {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
  }

  .research-ledger-grid {
    padding: 22px 18px 20px;
  }

  .research-title {
    font-size: 1.95rem;
  }

  .research-note-card {
    padding: 18px 16px 20px;
  }

  .research-footer-panel-inner {
    padding: 20px 16px;
  }
}